Guía lúdica metodológica para fomentar habilidades adaptativas en estudiantes con discapacidad intelectual. Unidad Educativa Especial Manuela Espejo

Abstract

Some research has shown that the application of new and innovative strategies in special education favors student performance, becoming a strong motivation for this research. The general objective of this work is to design a methodological playful guide to promote adaptive skills in students with intellectual disabilities, from the Educational Unit “Manuela Espejo”, from Azogues, Cañar, Ecuador. The research has a quantitative approach, a type of non-experimental design, cross-sectional and descriptive in scope. The participants are the 20 students, that is, the population of the upper level of the campus. For data collection, three instruments were used: documentary review, a survey directed at teachers and one to assess the design of the guide according to specialists. Among the main findings, it can be noted that everyone needs help to develop adaptive skills, but in which the subjects of this research perform most are in those classified as practical, while, in the areas of communication and socialization, they need more Attention. Most have organic brain damage and live in single-parent families. Teachers emphasize the need to have a methodological playful guide that has adequate techniques for their development. In conclusion, this research responds to the research problem posed and to the needs to achieve significant learning of adaptive skills through play.