Guía de estrategias metodológicas para el área de matemáticas en el subnivel medio de educación general básica de las Instituciones educativas "16 de Abril" y "Luis Cordero" de la ciudad de Azogues

Abstract

The research project called, "Guía de Estrategias Metodológicas para el área de Matemáticas en el subnivel medio de educación general básica" was developed in the educational institutions "16 de Abril" and "Luis Cordero" in the city of Azogues. From the observations made in the pre-professional practices evidenced that there is a limited use of methodological strategies that teachers use to manage their teaching and learning process. From another perspective, with the observation guide we found the absence of a guide of methodological strategies for the area of Mathematics and was found the need of the institutions in diversifying methods, techniques, resources for the development of skills with criteria was found of performance at the medium level in the area of Mathematics. The development of the guide was based on references that consider the importance of methodology, techniques and resources in conjunction with the teacher's conception of the teaching-learning process and the contents to be approached from a constructivist perspective (Ortiz, 2015). Another relevant reference is, the Ministry of Education of Bolivia (2015), which in its document “Estrategias Metodológicas en la Educación de Personas Jóvenes y Adultas”, states that methodological strategies are fundamental for the development of holistic objectives, in the same way , tells us that it is the organization of methods, techniques and resources based on the needs of the students. The research was developed under the interpretive paradigm line, from the perspective of a qualitative approach and a type of case study research. The information collection instruments used are, interview guide conducted to eleven teachers of the middle level, observation guides and documentary analysis guides (PCI, PEI, PUD). The result of this project reached a level of approach for a guide of methodological strategies for the area of Mathematics in the middle level of Basic General Education, in its content presented definitions, elements and applications of methodological strategies for the development of the three curricular blocks (1. Algebra and functions, 2. Geometry and measurement, 3. Statistics and probability) corresponding to the average sub-level level. As a goal, this methodological strategy guide to the teachers with options and alternatives for the development of skills with performance criteria, favoring in the relevant selection of methods, techniques and resources according to the needs, characteristics and interests of the students.