Guía de actividades lúdicas para el fortalecimiento de la autonomía en niños del subnivel 2 paralelo “A” del CEI “A.B.C”

Abstract

Autonomy in children includes the development of the ability to think critically by oneself, considering the approaches of others, which is manifested in the moral and intellectual context. In accordance with the above, the objective of this research was to implement a guide of play activities for the development of autonomy in children from 3 to 4 years old in the Identity and Autonomy Area of the parallel "A" morning section of the Early Education Center "A.B.C.". For the present study a mixed approach was used; that is, quali-quantitative, focused on the socio-critical paradigm, with an action-research design, in addition, descriptive research was applied focused on the units of information such as the twenty-one children, the teacher and the nineteen representatives who participated in the present study. The techniques that facilitated data collection were: the interview, the survey and observation, as well as the use of instruments such as: question guide, questionnaire and checklist that allowed the recording of information. Through the study, it was possible to find out that 95%, 74% and 79% of the representatives surveyed said that their representatives perform daily actions without help, while 5%, 26% and 21% of those surveyed said that the children still need help in these activities, which hinders the children's level of autonomy. Sublevel 2, in consideration of the maturity and performance they show in the execution of tasks appropriate to their age, such as going to the bathroom, washing their hands, tidying up and cleaning the spaces they use, among others. For this reason, an intervention plan was designed to strengthen autonomy through the application of play activities. For this purpose, a didactic guide called "Road to autonomy" was developed, which includes ten play activities to stimulate the necessary skills and discover increasingly autonomous ways. The results obtained from the research were favorable, since it allowed to raise the level of autonomy of children, and at the same time all the objectives set throughout the research could be fulfilled.