Análisis de la enseñanza del Lenguaje y Literatura como factor socioemocional para disminuir la deserción escolar en la Unidad Educativa Aida Gallegos de Moncayo.

Abstract

This study seeks to analyze the influence of the teaching-learning of language and literature as a socioemotional factor, through the principles of Vygotsky's social constructivism and Freire's pedagogy for the permanence of students with unfinished schooling at the “Aida Gallegos de Moncayo” Educational Unit. A qualitative approach and systematization of experiences were used as methodology, since it is based on the socio-critical paradigm, fundamental for the reconstruction of good practices in youth and adult education. The data collection techniques in the research were: interview and focus group directed to high school students, interviews to former students, teachers and authorities, and the observation guide to understand the teaching-learning strategies and the interaction between students and teachers. With this, an initial diagnosis was obtained on the main causes of student desertion and the learning dynamics used by the teacher following the following principles proposed by the mentioned authors: experiential experience, use of previous knowledge and meaningful learning. All this articulated with the soft skills and their influence on the construction of knowledge. The results show that the main cause of desertion is the demotivation of students caused by teachers since, in the interviews conducted with 15 students and 10 former students, 20 of them, that is, 80%, stated that the poor attitude of teachers when teaching and the inadequate methodology used in complex subjects such as mathematics or English caused them to withdraw or think about withdrawing because they did not feel capable of understanding these subjects. It is concluded that the development of soft skills and andragogy in the education of young people and adults is crucial to reduce school dropout, since it achieves a healthy management of emotions, which allows the continuity of students within the educational system.