Desarrollo del lenguaje oral mediante la metodología Montessori en niños de 4 a 5 años del Centro de Educación Inicial Ciudad de Cuenca.

Abstract

Oral language is the most important means of communication used by human beings, from this arises the problem based on the development of oral language where children from 4 to 5 years of age have difficulties to vocalize certain phonemes, form long sentences or express yourself clearly. In this way, it starts from a question of how to promote this linguistic area and focuses on having as a general objective the contribution to the development of oral language using the Montessori methodology to support the Area of Comprehension and Expression of Language of sublevel 2 group of 4 to 5 years parallel D of the CEI "Ciudad de Cuenca" through the design of a didactic primer. For the investigation, theoretical references were addressed from a Piaget constructivist paradigm on oral language to its development in initial education, in addition, the importance of oral language in initial education, the curriculum with its language-based skills and the methodology related to Montessori. It is worth mentioning that this research was based on the case study methodology linked to the socio-critical paradigm which seeks to have a change in the educational environment. In addition, the qualitative approach was used with techniques such as: interview, focus group and psychogenetics, which together with the collection instruments (interview guide, focus group guide and the PLON-R test) allowed us to expand our research. Thus, the proposal entitled "Montessori Educational Sparkles" was born, which was carried out through a pilot test for three weeks, the result of which was achieved by contributing to the development of oral language through the activities created because they were of interest to the children and were he was able to interact with them as they tried to improve their pronunciation. It is concluded that it was possible to provide a solution to the problem initially identified with the contribution to the development of oral language through research and the application of piloting, providing us with true data on their learning with the use of strategies, which are mainly based on the interests and needs of boys and girls.