Sistema de actividades para desarrollar las habilidades sociales básicas en estudiantes con síndrome de Down de la Unidad Educativa Especializada Agustín Cueva Tamariz.

Abstract

This research focuses on the development of basic social skills in a group of four students with Down syndrome in the ninth grade of the Agustín Cueva Tamariz Specialized Educational Unit. The aim of this research is to propose a system of activities based on play, due to the limited progress in skills such as greeting, saying goodbye, introducing oneself, asking for favors, and expressing gratitude. To achieve this objective, an analysis of the theoretical references related to Down syndrome and basic social skills was conducted. In the context of Down syndrome, the conception proposed by Basile (2008) was adopted, while for basic social skills, Rodríguez et al. (2014) were considered. This study adopts a qualitative approach with an interpretative paradigm and is centered on a group case study as the research method. For data collection, instruments such as semi-structured interviews, interview guides, observation guides, and focus groups were used. The analysis of the data took into account categories and dimensions, which facilitated the triangulation of information. The results obtained demonstrate that the students show limited progress in the development of basic social skills. In light of this situation, the creation of a system of activities is proposed, which was partially implemented and evaluated through specialist criteria. The study concludes that basic social skills are necessary to establish and maintain positive relationships with others, facilitating inclusion, emotional well-being, and mutual understanding.