El aprendizaje del cálculo matemático mediante Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas en estudiantes del 4 año de la Unidad Educativa Francisco Febres Cordero EGB (2020-2021)

Abstract

This degree project is aimed at developing the learning of mathematical calculation in students in the fourth year of Basic General Education EGB, through the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) methodology. The research arises from the need to contribute to the development of skills for the learning of mathematical calculation before the implementation of a didactics with limitations for its contextualization in a virtual education, which constitutes the main problem of the research, developed through the practices Pre-professionals during the application of the program "Let's learn together at home" MINEDUC (2020-2021) in the Millennium Educational Unit "Francisco Febres Cordero". The general objective is: to propose didactic activities for the learning of mathematical calculation supported by the PBL. The main theoretical definitions of authors such as Mastachi (2015), López, Rentería and Vergara (2016) are based on the concept of mathematical calculation, Morales and Landa (2004), Cadena (2020) conceptualizing the ABP and Diaz (2005) methodology, Curay (2013) in activities didactic activities. The applied methodology assumes the Sociocritical research paradigm, and the qualitative approach that allows the self-reflective processes of the authors and a research perspective through practice. The method applied is action research through classroom observation and interviews, which were analyzed using the predetermined categories and indicators. Finally, the proposal was validated by experts and applied as a pilot plan, where the appreciation and comments of the students and the teacher were taken to consider the improvement of learning during the implementation of the proposal understood as the main result of the research. The main conclusion is that the implementation of mathematics teaching based on innovative methodologies contributes to the development of mathematical calculation learning, facilitating its application to life.