Guía Pedagógica con el uso del rectángulo de fracciones como estrategia didáctica para fortalecer el razonamiento lógico matemático en la resolución de operaciones con números racionales para educación general básica media

Abstract

The following project presents pedagogical guides based on the use of the fraction rectangle as a didactic strategy to strengthen the conceptualization and resolution of exercises with rational numbers in the Basic General Education, for which a qualitative approach was used, the method Direct bibliography, the bibliographic card technique and the evaluation instrument was the application of rubrics. For this, bibliographic information was searched on the use of the fraction rectangle in the development of the conceptualization of fraction and operations with rational numbers, but no research was found, however, bibliographic material on the use of concrete material was found in the teaching of mathematics. The fraction rectangle was made using an A4 sheet of Bond paper to develop activities that allow internalizing the conceptualization of fraction and the operations of addition and subtraction of rational numbers with the guidelines provided by Mat. Vinicio Vásquez, teacher tutor of the project. The fraction rectangle was operated and all the information was recorded in the pedagogical guides, which were shared with nine teachers from the mathematics area of the “Andrés F. Córdova” School in the city of Cañar through the online application Zoom. As a result of the socialization of the guides, some suggestions were obtained such as: a) Use colored sheets to better identify the parts of the fractions, b) Use a blackboard to appreciate the operations with fractions, c) Use adhesive material to fix the fractions in the fraction box. It is worth mentioning that, in the socialization process, very good comments were obtained due to the novelty of the use of the fraction rectangle, where teachers mentioned that they will apply this important didactic resource in their classes.