“Estimulación cognitiva en niños y niñas de 4 a 5 años de la Unidad Educativa San Joaquín”

Abstract

Cognitive development is part of the human being from birth, allowing in each of its stages of development fulfill a process of acquiring skills that will later serve them in their social and educational life. That is why in the present work entitled "Cognitive stimulation through a learning experience plan (PEA) based on Montessori pedagogy in boys and girls of sublevel 2 of the San Joaquín school", its main objective is to propose a PEA to stimulate cognition through Montessori pedagogy in boys and girls from 4 to 5 years of the aforementioned institution. The research starts from the practices carried out in the educational institution, where the problem described in this work was identified, in which the cognitive absence was identified because stimulating this area in virtuality is very complex, that is why we have drawn attention in conducting this research. As a result, the theoretical foundation was carried out to address the concept of the categories worked on, which are: cognitive development (Velásquez, 2016), cognitive stimulation (Villalva y Espert, 2014), and Montessori pedagogy (Rodríguez 2013). The applied methodology has a qualitative approach that is supported by quantitative instruments, it is given from an applicable Sociocritical paradigm, through Action Research. In conclusion to this research, it was observed that cognitive stimulation in students occurs from various activities that allow the child to experiment and learn with different manipulable materials that help in the teaching process, through which it is recommended to give continuity to this research taking into account the time factor for cognitive stimulation since this process must be continuous.