La Etnomatemática como estrategia didáctica para el refuerzo académico de las operaciones básicas multiplicación y división en un estudiante con Necesidades Educativas Especiales de décimo año de la Unidad Educativa Luis Cordero

Abstract

This thesis project proposes a didactic strategy based on Ethnomathematics in order to strengthen the learning of basic operations, multiplication and division in a student with Special Educational Needs in the tenth grade of Basic General Education from Luis Cordero school, of the city of Azogues. To do this, a previous diagnosis was made, followed by a design, application and assessment of the didactic strategy.The focus of this project was qualitative through the case study method for the respective analysis of the main characteristics of a student with Special Educational Needs associated with moderate intellectual disability, with Curricular Adaptation grade 3, individual and permanent within the educational context. The sociocritical paradigm was assumed since it is intended to transform reality with the contribution of the educational proposal, which uses Ethnomathematical resources. The data collection instruments were field journals, evaluation, structured interviews with the learning community related to the case (mathematics teacher, parent and / or representative, student, and Student Counseling Department). The educational proposal consisted of using ancestral resources such as Quipus and Yupana during the academic reinforcement classes that were carried out virtually with the student. The obtained results were the improvement in the learning of multiplication and division operations and the creation of a learning community formed by the student, parent and / or representative, student practitioners of the National University of Education, teacher in the area of mathematics and professionals from the Student Counseling Department, whose role contributed significantly to academic performance in an optimal environment according to the student's needs by transforming the educational reality from a cultural and diverse perspective.