La construcción y reproducción de roles de género en el contexto escolar

Abstract

The objective of the research project is to know how gender roles are constructed and reproduced in the context of General Basic Education and which are the elements involved in this process. The problem addressed arose from the Pre-professional Practices developed in the sixth year of General Basic Education of the Millennium Educational Unit "Sayausí", in the city of Cuenca, Ecuador. The research was developed with an exploratory qualitative approach with a virtual ethnographic paradigm, since the study was conducted during virtual classes, due to the Covid-19 pandemic. In order to base our topic, we started from the theoretical and conceptual axes: gender as a sociocultural construction, construction and reproduction of gender roles, gender and childhood, and the role of agency in the construction of gender identities. From the analysis of the information obtained, we found that the teacher's discourses, activities and educational practices contribute to the construction and reproduction of gender roles. Also, situations of inequality within the educational context are evidenced, such is the case of the differentiated treatment between men and women by teachers towards students. And on the other hand, the division of roles in the home, division and remuneration of work. This research has a theoretical approach, since it seeks to provide new knowledge on the construction of gender in Ecuadorian school contexts, which will serve as a basis for the development of proposals to work on the gender approach in schools. In this work we also make recommendations addressed to directors, teachers, students and families with the purpose of recognizing the agency that children have in the construction of their identity and their capacity to resist socially and culturally formed gender stereotypes and roles and thus transform this reality.