Guía de actividades metodológicas para la mejora del componente fonético fonológico de un estudiante con discapacidad intelectual del vocacional "A" del IPCA.

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to develop a set of methodological activities in order to improve the phonetic-phonological aspect in a 23-year-old student with moderate intellectual disability, belonging to the IPCA in Cuenca, Ecuador. The research was based on a single case study, which revealed significant difficulties in articulation by the student, especially when omitting the sounds /r/, /s/ and /l/, which affects his ability to communicate orally and participate in conversations fluently. Faced with this communicative problem, the guide proposes a speech therapy intervention structured in four stages: preparation of the speech apparatus through praxis and relaxation; modeling and specialized establishment of deficient phonemes; systematic practice integrated into everyday routines for automation; and practice in real communicative contexts. In each phase, specific activities are detailed with a progressive increase in linguistic complexity. This proposal seeks to comprehensively strengthen their expressive possibilities, improving their communicative performance in the educational, family and social spheres. It is expected that the implementation of the guide will have positive effects on your articulation and verbal fluency.